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fusion

(Encyclopedia) fusion, in physics. 1 The change of a substance from the solid to the liquid state, also known as melting. The heat given up by a unit mass of a substance during fusion is called the…

Enfantin, Barthélemy Prosper

(Encyclopedia) Enfantin, Barthélemy ProsperEnfantin, Barthélemy Prosperbärtālmēˈ prôspĕrˈ äNfäNtăNˈ [key], 1796–1864, French socialist, sometimes called Père Enfantin. He became a leader of the…

Bird, Robert Montgomery

(Encyclopedia) Bird, Robert Montgomery, 1806–54, American playwright and novelist, b. New Castle, Del., M.D. Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1827. He wrote several prizewinning verse plays for the actor Edwin…

Valentino, Rudolph

(Encyclopedia) Valentino, RudolphValentino, Rudolphvăləntēˈnō [key], 1895–1926, American film actor, b. Italy as Rodolfo Guglielmi. He emigrated to the United States in 1913 and, after a brief career…

chain reaction

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Chain reaction: A neutron (n) strikes the uranium nucleus (U-235), causing it to split into fission products A and B and release two neutrons. These neutrons can in turn cause…

Sagittarius

(Encyclopedia) SagittariusSagittariussăjĭtârˈēəs [key] [Lat.,=the archer], constellation lying on the ecliptic (the sun's apparent path through the heavens) between Scorpius and Capricornus; it is…

Stuart, Esmé, 1st duke of Lennox

(Encyclopedia) Stuart or Stewart, Esmé, 1st duke of LennoxStuart or Stewart, Esmé, 1st duke of Lennoxĕzˈmē [key], 1542?–1583, Scottish nobleman; cousin to James VI of Scotland (later James I of…

Stewart, Martha

(Encyclopedia) Stewart, Martha, 1941–, American entrepeneur and tastemaker, b. Jersey City, N.J., as Martha Helen Kostyra, grad. Barnard College (1963). Moving to Westport, Conn., she started (1976)…

skywriting

(Encyclopedia) skywriting, advertising medium in which aircraft spell out trade names and sales slogans in the sky by means of the controlled emission of thick smoke. The technique was first…

Katz, Sir Bernard

(Encyclopedia) Katz, Sir Bernard, 1911–2003, British biophysicist, b. Germany, M.D. Univ. of Leipzig, 1934; Ph.D. University College, London, 1938. Katz became a British subject in 1941. He was a…