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Hoche, Louis Lazare

(Encyclopedia) Hoche, Louis LazareHoche, Louis Lazareläzärˈ ôsh [key], 1768–97, French general in the French Revolutionary Wars. He entered the army at the age of 16 and rose rapidly to lieutenant in…

Jacopone da Todi

(Encyclopedia) Jacopone da TodiJacopone da Todiyäkōpôˈnā dä tôˈdē [key], 1230?–1306, Italian religious poet, whose name was originally Jacopo Benedetti. After the sudden death of his wife, he…

Digby, Sir Kenelm

(Encyclopedia) Digby, Sir Kenelm, 1603–65, English author and man of affairs. In 1628 he conducted a highly successful privateering raid against a French and Venetian fleet at Scanderoon (now…

duress

(Encyclopedia) duressduressdy&oobreve;ˈrĭs, d&oobreve;ˈ–, d&oobreve;rĕsˈ [key], in law, actual or threatened violence or imprisonment, by reason of which a person is forced to enter into…

Lauzun, Antonin Nompar de Caumont, duc de

(Encyclopedia) Lauzun, Antonin Nompar de Caumont, duc deLauzun, Antonin Nompar de Caumont, duc deäNtōnăNˈ nôNpärˈ də kōmôNˈ dük də lōzöNˈ [key], 1633–1723, French courtier and soldier. Mlle de…

Broussel, Pierre

(Encyclopedia) Broussel, PierreBroussel, Pierrepyĕr br&oomacr;sĕlˈ [key], c.1575–1654, councillor of the Parlement of Paris under Louis XIII and Louis XIV. His opposition to the tax program…

Volunteers of America

(Encyclopedia) Volunteers of America, national nondenominational organization providing a wide variety of human services as part of a Christian ministry of service. Founded (1896) by Ballington and…

Vatnajökull

(Encyclopedia) VatnajökullVatnajökullvätˈnäyöˈk&oobreve;l [key], glacier, c.3,150 sq mi (8,160 sq km), SE Iceland; largest glacier in Europe. At an elevation of from 4,200 to 6,100 ft (1,280–1,…

Thistlewood, Arthur

(Encyclopedia) Thistlewood, Arthur, 1770–1820, British conspirator. He acquired revolutionary views while traveling in France and America and, after his return to England, joined the revolutionary…

pheromones

(Encyclopedia) pheromones, any of a variety of substances, secreted by many animal species, that alter the behavior of individuals of the same species. Sex attractant pheromones, secreted by a male…