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Bate, William Brimage

(Encyclopedia) Bate, William BrimageBate, William Brimagebrĭmˈĭj [key], 1826–1905, U.S. politician and Confederate general, b. Castalian Springs, Tenn. He served in the Mexican War and was involved…

Padilla, Ezequiel

(Encyclopedia) Padilla, EzequielPadilla, Ezequielāsākyĕlˈp äᵺēˈyä [key], 1890–1971, Mexican political leader. A revolutionary under Pancho Villa, he studied law in New York City. He served as…

Movies and Film: Before the War

Before the WarMovies and FilmFrench Film HistoryIt's Art, Stupid!A Century of Cinematic SplendorBefore the WarSurfing the "New Wave"The Eighties and NinetiesTen Fabulous French Films Like…

Ferdinand, czar of Bulgaria

(Encyclopedia) Ferdinand, 1861–1948, czar of Bulgaria (1908–18), after being ruling prince (1887–1908). A grandnephew of Ernest I of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, he was chosen prince of Bulgaria after the…

Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant

(Encyclopedia) Beauregard, Pierre Gustave ToutantBeauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutantbōˈrĭgärd [key], 1818–93, Confederate general, b. St. Bernard parish, La., grad. West Point, 1838. As engineer on…

Massawa

(Encyclopedia) MassawaMassawaməsäˈwə [key], city (1984 pop. 15,441), Eritrea, a port on the Red Sea. Before Eritrean independence (1993) it was the main port for N Ethiopia and is linked by rail with…

González de León, Teodoro

(Encyclopedia) González de León, Teodoro, 1926–2016, Mexican architect, b. Mexico City. After studying at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (1942–47), he was a draftsman (1948–49) in Le…

McDowell, Irvin

(Encyclopedia) McDowell, Irvin, 1818–85, Union general in the American Civil War, b. Columbus, Ohio. He taught at West Point (1841–45) and was made captain for his service in the Mexican War. In the…

Bar, Confederation of

(Encyclopedia) Bar, Confederation of, union formed in 1768 at Bar, in Podolia (now in W Ukraine), by a number of Polish nobles to oppose the interference of Catherine II of Russia in Polish affairs.…

Marcy, William Learned

(Encyclopedia) Marcy, William Learned, 1786–1857, American politician, b. Southbridge, Mass. He settled in Troy, N.Y., where he practiced law and, after serving in the War of 1812, held local offices…