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radical, in mathematics
(Encyclopedia) radical, in mathematics, symbol () placed over a number or expression, called the radicand, to indicate a root of the radicand. When used without a sign or index number, as in 4, it…root, in mathematics
(Encyclopedia) root, in mathematics, number or quantity r for which an equation f(r)=0 holds true, where f is some function. If f is a polynomial, r is called a root of f; for example, r=3 and r=−4…number
(Encyclopedia) number, entity describing the magnitude or position of a mathematical object or extensions of these concepts. A real or complex number z is called algebraic if it is the root of a…geometric problems of antiquity
(Encyclopedia) geometric problems of antiquity, three famous problems involving elementary geometric constructions with straight edge and compass, conjectured by the ancient Greeks to be impossible…Chuquet, Nicolas
(Encyclopedia) Chuquet, NicolasChuquet, Nicolasnēkôläˈ shükāˈ [key], c.1450–1500, French mathematician, probably b. Paris. Little is known of Chuquet's life. At Lyons in 1484 he composed a manuscript…e, in mathematics
(Encyclopedia) e, in mathematics, irrational number occurring widely in mathematics and science, approximately equal to the value 2.71828; it is the base of natural, or Naperian, logarithms. The…trigonometry
(Encyclopedia) trigonometry [Gr.,=measurement of triangles], a specialized area of geometry concerned with the properties of and relations among the parts of a triangle. Spherical trigonometry is…pi
(Encyclopedia) pi, in mathematics, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. The symbol for pi is π. The ratio is the same for all circles and is approximately 3.1416. It is of…complex variable analysis
(Encyclopedia) complex variable analysis, branch of mathematics that deals with the calculus of functions of a complex variable, i.e., a variable of the form z=x+iy, where x and y are real and i=−1 (…Lorentz contraction
(Encyclopedia) Lorentz contractionLorentz contractionlôrˈĕnts [key], in physics, contraction or foreshortening of a moving body in the direction of its motion, proposed by H. A. Lorentz on…Trending
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