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Biddle, James
(Encyclopedia)Biddle, James, 1783–1848, U.S. naval officer and diplomat, b. Philadelphia. He became a midshipman in 1800. At the beginning of the War of 1812 he was first lieutenant on the Wasp; he later commande...Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
(Encyclopedia)Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), international organization established as the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) in 1973, during the cold war, to promo...Godoy, Manuel de
(Encyclopedia)Godoy, Manuel de mänwĕlˈ dā gōᵺoiˈ [key], 1767–1851, Spanish statesman. An army officer, he won the favor of Queen María Luisa and rose rapidly at the court of Charles IV. The king made him...Konev, Ivan Stepanovich
(Encyclopedia)Konev, Ivan Stepanovich ēvänˈ styĭpäˈnəvĭch kôˈnyĭf [key], 1897–1973, Soviet field marshal. In World War II he reconquered (1944–45) Ukraine and S Poland from the Germans, took Silesia,...Wrede, Karl Philipp von
(Encyclopedia)Wrede, Karl Philipp von kärl fēˈlĭp fən vrāˈdə [key], 1767–1838, Bavarian general. He helped reorganize the Bavarian army, commanded part of the Bavarian troops fighting with the French agai...Tulchin
(Encyclopedia)Tulchin to͞olˈchĭn [key], city, SW Ukraine, on the Selnitsa River. It is the center of an agricultural district and has food-processing, clothing, and shoe industries. Probably founded by Hungarian...Italian Wars
(Encyclopedia)Italian Wars, 1494–1559, series of regional wars brought on by the efforts of the great European powers to control the small independent states of Italy. Renaissance Italy was split into numerous ri...Dernburg, Bernhard
(Encyclopedia)Dernburg, Bernhard bĕrnˈhärt dĕrnˈbo͝ork [key], 1865–1937, German financier and public official. As colonial director (1906) and colonial secretary (1907–10), he was responsible for reforms ...Chevalier, Michel
(Encyclopedia)Chevalier, Michel shəvälyāˈ [key], 1806–79, French economist. An ardent Saint-Simonian as a youth, he later favored a form of welfare capitalism. He advocated industrial development as the key ...Monroe, James
(Encyclopedia)Monroe, James, 1758–1831, 5th President of the United States (1817–25), b. Westmoreland co., Va. In 1816 Monroe obtained the presidential nomination and was easily elected. During his first admi...Browse by Subject
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