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Hoche, Louis Lazare

(Encyclopedia)Hoche, Louis Lazare läzärˈ ôsh [key], 1768–97, French general in the French Revolutionary Wars. He entered the army at the age of 16 and rose rapidly to lieutenant in the national guard by 1792....

Louis of Baden

(Encyclopedia)Louis of Baden bäˈdən [key], 1655–1707, margrave of Baden (1677–1707), military commander in the service of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1689 he was made chief commander of the imperial army in Hu...

Marmont, Auguste Frédéric Louis Viesse de

(Encyclopedia)Marmont, Auguste Frédéric Louis Viesse de ōgüstˈ frādārēkˈ lwē vyĕs də märmôNˈ [key], 1774–1852, marshal of France. He fought with Napoleon in Italy and Egypt and took part in his cou...

Mansurah, Al

(Encyclopedia)Mansurah, Al äl mänso͞orˈä [key], city (1986 pop. 317,508), N Egypt, a port in the Nile River delta. It is an agricultural market and industrial center. Manufactures include ginned cotton, cotton...

Marie, Alexandre Thomas

(Encyclopedia)Marie, Alexandre Thomas älĕksäNˈdrə tômäˈ märēˈ [key], 1795–1870, French minister of public works. He served in the revolutionary provisional government of 1848 and in the executive commi...

Paul II

(Encyclopedia)Paul II, 1417–71, pope (1464–71), a Venetian named Pietro Barbo; successor of Pius II. He was a nephew of Eugene IV. A Renaissance pope, he patronized printing, beautified and improved Rome, and c...

Crémieux, (Isaac) Adolphe

(Encyclopedia)Crémieux, (Isaac) Adolphe ēsäkˈ ädôlfˈ krāmyöˈ [key], 1796–1880, Jewish-French statesman and political writer. A lawyer, he served briefly as minister of justice in the provisional governm...

Decazes, Élie

(Encyclopedia)Decazes, Élie ālēˈ dəkäzˈ [key], 1780–1860, French statesman, a favorite of King Louis XVIII, who made him a duke in 1820. A lawyer and judge, Decazes was made minister of police in 1815 and ...

Changarnier, Nicolas

(Encyclopedia)Changarnier, Nicolas nēkôläˈ shäNgärnyāˈ [key], 1793–1877, French general and politician. He served in Algeria and was briefly (1848) governor-general of Algeria, succeeding Louis Cavaignac....

Alphonse

(Encyclopedia)Alphonse älfôNsˈ [key], 1220–71, count of Poitiers and of Toulouse, brother of King Louis IX of France. By his marriage to the daughter of Raymond VII, count of Toulouse, he inherited Raymond's l...
 

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