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Perkin, Sir William Henry

(Encyclopedia) Perkin, Sir William Henry, 1838–1907, English chemist. In 1856 he discovered the first aniline dye (aniline purple, known as mauve and mauveine); by founding a factory to make it,…

indigo

(Encyclopedia) indigo [Span.; from Lat.,=Indian], important blue dyestuff used in printing inks and for vat dyeing of cotton (see dye). It was anciently produced in India and was known in Egypt,…

mordant

(Encyclopedia) mordantmordantmôrˈdənt [key] [Fr.,=biting], substance used in dyeing to fix certain dyes (mordant dyes) in cloth. Either the mordant (if it is colloidal) or a colloid produced by the…

Drebbel, Cornelis Jacobszoon

(Encyclopedia) Drebbel, Cornelis JacobszoonDrebbel, Cornelis Jacobszoonkôrnāˈlĭs yäˈkôpsōn drĕbˈəl [key], 1572–1634, Dutch inventor, physicist, and mechanician. His major inventions were an…

Gram's stain

(Encyclopedia) Gram's stain, laboratory staining technique that distinguishes between two groups of bacteria by the identification of differences in the structure of their cell walls. The Gram stain…

alizarin

(Encyclopedia) alizarinalizarinəlĭzˈərĭn [key], or 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone, mordant vegetable dye obtained originally from the root of the madder plant (Rubia tinctorum), in which it occurs as a…

batik

(Encyclopedia) batikbatikbətēkˈ [key], method of decorating fabrics practiced for centuries by the natives of Indonesia. It consists of applying a design to the surface of the cloth by using melted…

brazilwood

(Encyclopedia) brazilwood, common name for several trees of the family Leguminosae (pulse family) whose wood yields a red dye. The dye has largely been replaced by synthetic dyes for fabrics, but it…

Franklin Square

(Encyclopedia) Franklin Square, uninc. city (2020 pop. 32,055), Nassau co., SE N.Y., on Long Island. Although it is chiefly residential, there is…