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community chest

(Encyclopedia) community chest, cooperative organization of citizens and social welfare agencies in a city. Also known as a united fund, it has two purposes: to raise funds through an annual campaign…

Auenbrugger, Leopold

(Encyclopedia) Auenbrugger, LeopoldAuenbrugger, Leopoldlāˈōpôlt ouˈənbr&oobreve;gər [key], 1722–1809, Viennese physician. His findings on the use of percussion in diagnosing chest diseases were…

cassone

(Encyclopedia) cassonecassonekäs-sôˈnā [key], the Italian term for chest or coffer, usually a bridal or dower chest, highly ornate and given prominence in the home. Major artists such as Uccello and…

stethoscope

(Encyclopedia) stethoscopestethoscopestĕthˈəskōpˌ [key] [Gr.,=chest viewer], instrument that enables the physican to hear the sounds made by the heart, the lungs, and various other organs. The…

thorax

(Encyclopedia) thorax, body division found in certain animals. In humans and other mammals it lies between the neck and abdomen and is also called the chest. The skeletal frame of the thorax is…

mastectomy

(Encyclopedia) mastectomymastectomymăstĕkˈtəmē [key], surgical removal of breast tissue, usually done as treatment for breast cancer. There are many types of mastectomy. In general, the farther the…

rib

(Encyclopedia) rib, one of the slender, elongated, curved bones that compose the chest cage in higher vertebrates. Ribs occur in pairs, and are found in most vertebrates; however, in some lower…

endoscope

(Encyclopedia) endoscope, any instrument used to look inside the body. Usually consisting of a fiber-optic tube attached to a viewing device, endoscopes are used to explore and biopsy such areas as…

diaphragm

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Diaphragm diaphragmdiaphragmdīˈəfrămˌ [key], term used to describe any of several large muscles, found in humans and other mammals, which separate two adjacent regions of the…

pleurisy

(Encyclopedia) pleurisypleurisypl&oobreve;rˈĭsē [key], inflammation of the pleura (the membrane that covers the lungs and lines the chest cavity). It is sometimes accompanied by pain and coughing…