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Dupuytren, Guillaume, Baron

(Encyclopedia) Dupuytren, Guillaume, BaronDupuytren, Guillaume, Barongēyōmˈ bärôNˈ düpüēträNˈ [key], 1777–1835, French surgeon. As professor at the Hôtel Dieu, Paris, from 1812, he was noted as…

Flandrin, Hippolyte Jean

(Encyclopedia) Flandrin, Hippolyte JeanFlandrin, Hippolyte Jeanēpôlētˈ zhäN fläNdrăNˈ [key] 1809–64, French painter; student and follower of Ingres. Influenced by the primitivism of Giotto, he is…

Cortot, Alfred Denis

(Encyclopedia) Cortot, Alfred DenisCortot, Alfred Denisälfrĕdˈ dənēˈ kôrtōˈ [key], 1877–1962, French pianist and conductor. Among his appearances as a conductor were those at Bayreuth (1898–1901). He…

Garden, Mary

(Encyclopedia) Garden, Mary, 1874–1967, Scottish-American operatic soprano, b. Aberdeen, Scotland, studied in Paris. Her debut (1900) occurred when she replaced, without rehearsal, the star of…

Viollet-le-Duc, Eugène Emmanuel

(Encyclopedia) Viollet-le-Duc, Eugène EmmanuelViollet-le-Duc, Eugène Emmanuelözhĕnˈ ĕmänüĕlˈ vyôlāˈ-lə-dük [key], 1814–79, French architect and writer. He was the most prominent exponent of the…

Monet, Claude

(Encyclopedia) Monet, ClaudeMonet, Claudeklōd mônāˈ [key], 1840–1926, French landscape painter, b. Paris. Monet was a founder of impressionism. He adhered to its principles throughout his long career…

Baker, Josephine

(Encyclopedia) Baker, Josephine, 1906–75, African-American dancer and singer, b. St. Louis, Mo., as Freda Josephine McDonald. In 1923 and 1924 she…

blockade

(Encyclopedia) blockade, use of naval forces to cut off maritime communication and supply. Blockades may be used to prevent shipping from reaching enemy ports, or they may serve purposes of coercion…

Dongen, Kees van

(Encyclopedia) Dongen, Kees vanDongen, Kees vankās vän dôngˈən [key], 1877–1968, Dutch painter who worked in Paris. After moving to Paris in 1897, he met Matisse and became an exponent of fauvism…

Saint-Maur-des-Fossés

(Encyclopedia) Saint-Maur-des-FossésSaint-Maur-des-FosséssăN-mōr-dā-fôsāˈ [key], city (1990 pop. 77,492), Val-de-Marne dept., N central France, on the Marne River. An industrial suburb of Paris, it…