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Abbey, Edwin Austin

(Encyclopedia) Abbey, Edwin Austin, 1852–1911, American illustrator and painter, b. Philadelphia, studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Employed by Harper & Brothers, he was sent…

Wiggin, Kate Douglas (Smith)

(Encyclopedia) Wiggin, Kate Douglas (Smith), 1856–1923, American author and educator, b. Philadelphia. In San Francisco she organized the first free kindergartens on the Pacific coast (1878) and with…

Le Gallienne, Richard

(Encyclopedia) Le Gallienne, Richard, 1866–1947, English man of letters. As literary critic and contributor to the Yellow Book, he was associated with the fin-de-siècle aesthetes of the 1890s before…

Gracq, Julien

(Encyclopedia) Gracq, JulienGracq, Julienzh&oomacr;lyăNˈ gräk [key], 1910–2007, French novelist, whose real name was Louis Poirier. Strongly influenced by surrealism and German romanticism, Gracq…

Masaoka Shiki

(Encyclopedia) Masaoka ShikiMasaoka Shikimäˈsäˈōˈkä shēˈkē [key], 1867–1902, Japanese waka and haiku poet. Founder of the literary magazine Hototogisu and patron to a number of young poets, Shiki…

Diogenes

(Encyclopedia) DiogenesDiogenesdīŏjˈənēz [key], c.412–323 b.c., Greek Cynic philosopher; pupil of Antisthenes. He was born in Sinope and lived in Athens. He taught that the virtuous life is the…

Clapperton, Hugh

(Encyclopedia) Clapperton, Hugh, 1788–1827, British explorer, b. Annan, Scotland. After serving with the British navy in East India and Canada he made two journeys to W Africa. On the initial journey…

Smith, Margaret Chase

(Encyclopedia) Smith, Margaret Chase, 1897–1995, U.S. senator from Maine (1949–73), b. Skowhegan, Maine. She taught school briefly and then worked (1919–28) on the Skowhegan weekly newspaper. In 1930…

López Bravo, Gregorio

(Encyclopedia) López Bravo, GregorioLópez Bravo, Gregoriogrāgōˈrēō lōˈpāth bräˈvō [key], 1923–85, Spanish politician. He entered government service in 1959, serving as director-general of foreign…

Ross, Sir John

(Encyclopedia) Ross, Sir John, 1777–1856, British arctic explorer and rear admiral. In 1818 he went in search of the Northwest Passage but turned back after exploring Baffin Bay. Financed by Sir…