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Tom Thumb

(Encyclopedia) Tom Thumb, 1838–83, American entertainer, whose original name was Charles Sherwood Stratton, b. Bridgeport, Conn. His career as General Tom Thumb began in 1842, when the showman P. T.…

Sully, Thomas

(Encyclopedia) Sully, Thomas, 1783–1872, American painter, b. England. Having come to the United States as a child, he first studied with his brother Lawrence, a miniaturist, and later for a brief…

Summerhill

(Encyclopedia) Summerhill, radical progressive school in Leiston, Suffolk, England, and the educational movement based on principles developed at the school. The school was founded (1924) by A. S.…

Saint-Saëns, Charles Camille

(Encyclopedia) Saint-Saëns, Charles CamilleSaint-Saëns, Charles Camilleshärl kämēˈyəˈ săN-säNs [key], 1835–1921, French composer. A child prodigy, he made his debut as a pianist at 10 and entered the…

Sewall, Samuel

(Encyclopedia) Sewall, SamuelSewall, Samuelsy&oomacr;ˈəl [key], 1652–1730, American colonial jurist, b. England. He was taken as a child to Newbury, Mass., and was graduated from Harvard in 1671…

Pater, Walter Horatio

(Encyclopedia) Pater, Walter HoratioPater, Walter Horatiopāˈtər [key], 1839–94, English essayist and critic. In 1864 he was elected a fellow of Brasenose College, Oxford, and he subsequently led an…

Taylor, Elizabeth, Anglo-American film actress

(Encyclopedia) Taylor, Elizabeth, 1932–2011, Anglo-American film actress, b. London. Regarded as one of the world's most beautiful women, Taylor went from child star and typical teenager roles to a…

Lang, Fritz

(Encyclopedia) Lang, FritzLang, Fritzläng [key], 1890–1976, German-American film director, b. Vienna. His silent and early sound films, notably the iconic masterpiece Metropolis (1926) with its…

Arnim, Achim von

(Encyclopedia) Arnim, Achim or Joachim vonArnim, Achim or Joachim vonäkhˈĭm, yōäkhˈĭm, fən ärˈnĭm [key], 1781–1831, German writer of the romantic school. He is best remembered for his work with his…

Arthur I

(Encyclopedia) Arthur I, 1187–1203?, duke of Brittany (1196–1203?), son of Geoffrey, fourth son of Henry II of England and Constance, heiress of Brittany. Arthur, a posthumous child, was proclaimed…