Pozzuoli [key], Latin Puteoli, city (1991 pop. 75,142), Campania, S Italy, on the Gulf of Pozzuoli, an arm of the Bay of Naples. It is a port and an industrial and tourist center. Manufactures include machinery, textiles, and metals. Pozzuoli was founded (6th cent. b.c.) by Greek exiles from Sámos and was later a wealthy Roman seaport. Among the Roman remains are a large amphitheater and the ruins of the marketplace (now partly underwater), formerly mistakenly identified as the temple of Serapis. Nearby is the Solfatara, a crater emitting sulfuric waters and thermal mud. It is part of a much larger volcanic area, Campi Flegrei (see Phlegraean Fields), whose 8-mi-wide (13-km) caldera encompasses the surrounding land and the Gulf of Pozzuoli.
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