Kumbakonam [key], city (1991 pop. 150,869), Tamil Nadu state, SE India, on the Kaveri River. Its district, in the richest part of the river delta, has one of the highest population densities in India. Kumbakonam is an agricultural trading center in an area known for its rice and betel leaves. Manufactures include brassware and textiles. The town is a Brahmanic cultural center. The many Hindu temples along the river are visited by pilgrims every 12 years.
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