Schally, Andrew V., 1926–, American endocrinologist, b. Wilno, Poland (now Vilnius, Lithuania), as Andrzej Viktor Schally, grad. McGill Univ. (Ph.D., 1957). He spent most of his career at Tulane Univ. School of Medicine and the Veterans Administration Hospital in New Orleans, La. Schally shared the 1977 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine with Roger Guillemin and Rosalyn Yalow. He is credited with discovering three hormones produced by the hypothalamus: thyrotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone. Schally's discoveries led to the recognition that the hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland and opened the door to research in contraception, diabetes, and growth and mental disorders.
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