Caylus, Anne Claude Philippe de Tubières, comte de [key], 1692–1765, French archaeologist and antiquarian. Caylus learned drawing from Watteau. He traveled in Europe and Asia and became known as an etcher and as a patron of the arts. He was the champion of classical purity and influenced the development of the Louis XVI style. He is said to have initiated the scientific study of the antique. His collections are in the Louvre. Caylus's Recueil d'antiquités égyptiennes, étrusques, grecques, romaines, et gauloises (7 vol., 1752–67) is the major 18th-century work of antiquarian scholarship; it did much to encourage interest in and study of classical subjects.
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