Rulers of France

Updated October 30, 2022 | Infoplease Staff

Name	Born	Ruled¹
Carolingian Dynasty
Pepin the Short	c. 714	751–768
Charlemagne²	742	768–814
Louis I the Pious³	778	814–840
Charles I the Bald⁴	823	840–877
Louis II the Stammerer	846	877–879
Louis III⁵	c. 863	879–882
Carloman⁵	?	879–884
Charles II the Fat⁶	839	884–887⁷
Eudes (Odo), count of Paris	?	888–898
Charles III the Simple⁸	879	893–923⁹
Robert I¹⁰	c. 865	922–923
Rudolf (Raoul), duke of Burgundy	?	923–936
Louis IV d'Outremer	c. 921	936–954
Lothair	941	954–986
Louis V the Sluggard	c. 967	986–987
Capetian Dynasty
Hugh Capet	c. 940	987–996
Robert II the Pious¹¹	c. 970	996–1031
Henry I	1008	1031–1060
Philip I	1052	1060–1108
Louis VI the Fat	1081	1108–1137
Louis VII the Young	c.1121	1137–1180
Philip II (Philip Augustus)	1165	1180–1223
Louis VIII the Lion	1187	1223–1226
Louis IX (St. Louis)	1214	1226–1270
Philip III the Bold	1245	1270–1285
Philip IV the Fair	1268	1285–1314
Louis X the Quarreler	1289	1314–1316
John I¹²	1316	1316
Philip V the Tall	1294	1316–1322
Charles IV the Fair	1294	1322–1328
House of Valois
Philip VI	1293	1328–1350
John II the Good	1319	1350–1364
Charles V the Wise	1337	1364–1380
Charles VI the Well-Beloved	1368	1380–1422
Charles VII	1403	1422–1461
Louis XI	1423	1461–1483
Charles VIII	1470	1483–1498
Louis XII the Father of the People	1462	1498–1515
Francis I	1494	1515–1547
Henry II	1519	1547–1559
Francis II	1544	1559–1560
Charles IX	1550	1560–1574
Henry III	1551	1574–1589
House of Bourbon
Henry IV of Navarre	1553	1589–1610
Louis XIII	1601	1610–1643
Louis XIV the Great	1638	1643–1715
Louis XV the Well-Beloved	1710	1715–1774
Louis XVI	1754	1774–1792¹³
Louis XVII (Louis Charles de France)¹⁴	1785	1793–1795
First Republic
National Convention	—	1792–1795
Directory (Directoire)	—	1795–1799
Consulate
Napoléon Bonaparte¹⁵	1769	1799–1804
First Empire
Napoléon I	1769	1804–1815¹⁶
Restoration of House of Bourbon
Louis XVIII le Désiré	1755	1814–1824
Charles X	1757	1824–1830¹⁷
Bourbon-Orleans Line
Louis Philippe (“Citizen King”)	1773	1830–1848¹⁸
Second Republic
Louis Napoléon¹⁹	1808	1848–1852
Second Empire
Napoléon III (Louis Napoléon)	1808	1852–1870²⁰
Third Republic (Presidents)
Louis Adolphe Thiers	1797	1871–1873
Marie E. P. M. de MacMahon	1808	1873–1879
François P. J. Grévy	1807	1879–1887
Sadi Carnot	1837	1887–1894
Jean Casimir-Périer	1847	1894–1895
François Félix Faure	1841	1895–1899
Émile Loubet	1838	1899–1906
Clement Armand Fallières	1841	1906–1913
Raymond Poincaré	1860	1913–1920
Paul E. L. Deschanel	1856	1920–1920
Alexandre Millerand	1859	1920–1924
Gaston Doumergue	1863	1924–1931
Paul Doumer	1857	1931–1932
Albert Lebrun	1871	1932–1940
Vichy Government (Chief of State)
Henri Philippe Pétain	1856	1940–1944
Provisional Government (Presidents)
Charles de Gaulle	1890	1944–1946
Félix Gouin	1884	1946–1946
Georges Bidault	1899	1946–1947
Fourth Republic (Presidents)
Vincent Auriol	1884	1947–1954
René Coty	1882	1954–1959
Fifth Republic (Presidents)
Charles de Gaulle	1890	1959–1969
Georges Pompidou	1911	1969–1974
Valéry Giscard d'Estaing	1926	1974–1981
François Mitterrand	1916	1981–1995
Jacques Chirac	1932	1995– 2007
Nicolas Sarkozy	1955	2007– 2012
François Hollande	1954	2012–2017
Emmanuel Macron	1977	2017-

1. For kings and emperors through the Second Empire, year of end of rule is also that of death, unless otherwise indicated.

2. Crowned Emperor of the West in 800. His brother, Carloman, ruled as king of the Eastern Franks from 768 until his death in 771.

3. Holy Roman Emperor, 814–840.

4. Holy Roman Emperor, 875–877 as Charles II.

5. Ruled jointly, 879–882.

6. Holy Roman Emperor, 881–887, as Charles III.

7. Died 888.

8. King, 893–898, in opposition to Eudes.

9. Died 929.

10. Not counted in regular line of kings of France by some authorities. Elected by nobles but killed in Battle of Soissons.

11. Sometimes called Robert I.

12. Posthumous son of Louis X; lived for only five days.

13. Executed 1793.

14. Titular king only. He died in prison according to official reports, but many pretenders appeared during the Bourbon restoration.

15. As first consul, Napoléon held the power of government. In 1804, he became emperor.

16. Abdicated first time, June 1814. Reentered Paris, March 1815, after escape from Elba; Louis XVIII fled to Ghent. Abdicated second time, June 1815. He named as his successor his son, Napoléon II, who was not acceptable to the Allies. He died 1821.

17. Died 1836.

18. Died 1850.

19. President; became emperor in 1852.

20. Died 1873.

France

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